What is the difference between apnea and hypopnea criteria?

The distinction outlined in the correct answer is crucial for understanding sleep-related breathing disorders. Apnea refers to a complete cessation of airflow during sleep, lasting for at least 10 seconds or more. This complete stoppage can lead to significant drops in oxygen levels and often results in arousals or disturbances in sleep continuity.

On the other hand, hypopnea is characterized as a partial cessation of airflow, which typically involves a reduction in airflow of at least 30% from a baseline level, also lasting for 10 seconds or more, and is associated with a decrease in oxygen saturation. While hypopnea is not a complete stop of airflow, it can still have substantial effects on oxygen levels and overall sleep quality.

An understanding of these definitions helps in accurately diagnosing and managing conditions like obstructive sleep apnea. This knowledge is also critical when interpreting polysomnographic data, as the correct identification of apnea versus hypopnea is essential for effective treatment planning.